Platinum is an incredibly rare precious metal, composed of 95% platinum and 5% other metals, sometimes known as alloys. Along with silver, palladium and gold, platinum is one of the four precious metals, and the most exclusive of them all. Platinum is both dense and malleable, making it an ideal metal for crafting jewelry.
Platinum is found in small deposits all over the world, but today mainly in South Africa, which is responsible for 80% of the world’s production. Historically, early uses of platinum were found in ancient Egyptian burials and pre-columbian sites in South America.
In Europe, platinum was first discovered around the 1550’s, as it was mentioned in the writings of the Italian humanist Julius Caesar Scaligar who described the metal as ‘no fire nor any Spanish artifice has yet been able to liquify”. Platinum has a very high melting point at 1,768 C versus gold at around 1000 C.